Any manuscript you submit to this journal should be original.If you haven’t already read these, we urge you to do so – they will help you avoid the most common publishing ethics issues. We have also developed our research and publishing ethics guidelines. To help us achieve that goal, we closely follow the advice laid out in the guidelines and flowcharts on the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) website. Our editors and employees work hard to ensure the content we publish is ethically sound. If your article involves human participants, you must ensure you have considered whether or not you require ethical approval for your research, and include this information as part of your submission.In accordance with COPE’s position statement on AI tools, Large Language Models cannot be credited with authorship as they are incapable of conceptualising a research design without human direction and cannot be accountable for the integrity, originality, and validity of the published work.Exclude anyone who hasn’t contributed to the paper, or who has chosen not to be associated with the research.Include anyone who has made a substantial and meaningful contribution to the submission (anyone else involved in the paper should be listed in the acknowledgements).Read about our research ethics for authorship. These state that you must:.Treat communications between you and the journal editor as confidential until an editorial decision has been made.This includes investigating and resolving any questions about accuracy or research integrity Be accountable for all aspects of your work.Respond swiftly to any queries during the publication process.There are also some responsibilities that sit with you as the author. Our goal is to provide you with a professional and courteous experience at each stage of the review and publication process.

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